Multiplying mechanism



Jan. 7, 1947. 5. BRAND 2,413,359

MULTIPLYING MECHANISM Fi led July 9, 1945 'a Sheets-Sheet 1 IN V EN TOR.5L4 MZ/EL 5/PA/V0 Jul. 7, 1947. 5. BRAND HULTIPLYI'NG MECHANISM 8Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 9, 1945 IN V EN TOR.

\ SAMUEL BRAA/O ATTORNEY.

Jan. 7, 1947. 5. BRAND MULTIPLYING MECHANISM Filed July 9, 1945 8Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. 5A MUEL AAA/D ATTORNEY Jan. 7, 1947. s. BRANDMULTIPLYING MECHANISM Filed July 9, 1945 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTORSAMUEL ERA/V0 ATTORNEY Jan. 7, 1947. BR ND 2,413,859

'MULTIPLYING MECHANISM I Filedduly 9, 1945 8 Sheets- Sheet 5 INVEN TOR.5A 1141/62. 54% N0 Jan. 7, 1947. 5. BRAND HULTIPLYING MECHANISM FiledJuly 9, 1945 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 I I'll IN VEN TOR.

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54/1 054 ERA/V0 AZ'Y'ORNJEY Jan. 7, 1947. 5, BRAND 2,413,859

MULTIPLYING MECHANISM Filed July 9, 1945 s Sheets-Sheet 7 57 151 M04T/PL/ER 7TH TH H ,0,

INVENTOR. SA MUEL .B/PA N0 ATTORNEY:

' Jan. 7, 1947. 5. BRAND MULTIPLYING MECHANISM Filed July 9, 1945 8Sheets-Sheet 8 109 87654 ADfi/NGMAG/VEK? fizz-G. 13a.

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A ZTORNEY.

Patented Jan. 7, 1947 MULTIPLYING MECHANISM Samuel Brand, Binghamton, N.Y., assignor to International Business Machines Corporation, New York,N. Y., a corporation of New York Application July 9, 1945, Serial No.603,798

7 Claims.

This invention relates to calculating machines and more particularlytomachines in which multiplying operations are performed.

The principal object of the invention is to provide improved mechanismfor carrying out multiplication. The machine is provided with devicesfor creating the so-called partial products, and it is a specific objectof the invention to provide improved mechanism for more expeditiouslyselecting partial products in succession.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved column shiftdevice coordinated with the partial product mechanism for controllingthe entry of the partial products into proper denominational orders of atotalizer.

Other objects of the invention will be pointed out in the followingdescription and claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings,which disclose, by way of example, the principle of the invention andthe best mode, which has been contemplated, of applying that principle.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is an outside elevation of the partial product drum and theselecting mechanism.

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation taken on lines 2-2 of Fig. 1 showing theinterposer contact shifting mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation taken on lines 3-3 of Fig. 1 showing thedrum shifting mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a detail taken on lines 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation taken on lines 55 of Fig. 1 showing thedrum operated interposer contacts.

6 is a section elevation taken on lines 66 of Fig. 1 showing thealternating contacts and their operating mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a plan elevation looking in the direction of arrows l--l ofFig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic showing of certain column shift contacts.

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic showing of certain other column shift contacts.

Fig. 10 is an elevational view of the column shift positioning mechanismlooking in the direction of'lines Ill-l0 of Fig.1.

Fig. 11'is a diagram showing the shifting relationship between the drumand interposers.

Fig. 12 is a timing'diagram of the parts of the apparatus.

Figs. 13. and 13a taken together with Fig. 13 placed above Fig. 13aconstitute a wiring diagram of the 'electric circuits.

- Fig.21'4 is a diagram showing the steps involved irr-a typicalmultiplying example.

Factor entry receiving devices Referring to Fig. 13, there is shown indiagrammatic manner a so-called readout device upon which a five-placemultiplier amount may be set. This device comprises fivedenominationally ordered contact bars l0 alongside of each of which is arow of contact segments H having digital values as indicated.Positionable in each order is a brush l2 settable to electricallyconnect the common bar I ll of the related orderwith the digital segmentH corresponding to the digital value represented in the order. Thus, inFig. 13 the several brush settings represent the value 40668. Thisreceiving device is shown diagrammatically inasmuch as the particularmechanism for effecting a setting is not part of the present invention,and it may therefore be assumed that an amount is set up manually bysliding brushes !2 to the desired contacting positions.

Two exactly similar entry receivingdevices are provided to receive amultiplicand entry as shown in Fig. 13a, where one of the devices isdesignated as LH and the other as RH. A multiplicand.

amount of 7283 is indicated as being set in both devices. The LH devicecontrols the formation of left hand partial products, and the RH devicecontrols the formation of right hand partial products.

In Fig. 13a, I3 represents the adding magnets of a well known type oftotalizer in which differentially timed electrical impulses to themagnets cause entry into the totalizer in accordance with the timing ofthe impulses. Such a totalizer is shown and described in applicationSerial No. 433,178, filed March 3, 1942 (now Patent 2,375,275), to whichreference may be made for the manner in which themagnets-respond to thetimed impulses to control the adding of amounts.

The present invention deals with mechanism for obtaining left and righthand partial products concurrently to respectively control the LH and RHsets of magnet l3, so that left and right hand partial products will betotalized separately. The scheme of operation which is .well known isgraphically indicated in Fig. 14 where vertical columns represent thedenominational orders of the LH and RH totalizers. A problem of 40068times 7283 is represented to show the partial products of 7233 times 4entered in cycle I, the partial products of 7283 time 6 entered in cycle2, the partial products-of 7283 times 8 entered in cycle 3.. After cycleI3, the sum of the LH and RH partial products stand in the totalizerwith the denominational allocation. as shown. Thereafter, throughdevices not shown but well known the two amounts are combined asindicated for cycle by transferring the RH amount into the LEI totalizerto obtain the final product.

The multiplying mechanism Referring to Fig. 1, I4 is a shaft which is tobe rotated a half revolution for each significant digit in themultiplier amount. For simplification of the disclosure, it will beassumed that after the multiplier and multiplicand have been set up ontheir respective entry receiving devices, shaft I4 is manually rotated.Slidably mounted on the shaft is a multiplying drum or cylindergenerally designated I5 (Fig. 5), in which are openings or perforationsI'I arranged in accordance with the multiplication table. One end of thedrum has holes therein through which rods 1 9 extend (Figs. 1 and 2).These rods are aflixed in a pair of disks 25L and 20R secured to shaftI4, so that drum I 5 rotates With the shaftbut is free to slide lenthwise thereon and also slides on rods I9.

Along one side of the drum is located a set of nine pairs of contacts 2IR and along the opposite side are located a set of nine pairs ofcontacts ZIL (see Figs. 1 and 5). Located between the drum and each setof contacts is a plate 22L or 221?. secured to a rectangular bar 23mounted in brackets 24 for sliding lengthwise in a direction parallel toshaft I 4. Each plate 22L or 22R has secured thereto a rod 25 and uponeach rod are pivoted nine interposer levers 25. each with a finger 2Triding on the surface of drum I5. Each finger 21 is urged against thedrum by pressure of a related contact spring and, when the plate andinterposers are shifted to the left or right as viewed in Fig. l, thecontacting pin 28 (Fig. 5) slides on the interposer and maintainspressure against it.

When during the rotation of the drum a perforation I! in line wtihfinger 21 reaches such fin er, the latte-r will be pressed into theperforation and the related contact ZIL or 2IR will close.

Before explaining the specific mechanism for shiftin the drum I5 andinterposer plates 22L and 22B, the principle involved in the selectionof controlling perforations on the drum will be explained in connectionwith the dia ram of Fig. 1. In this figure the side of drum I5containing the right hand partial product digit perforations I1 isshown. The manner of arranging the perforat ons is the same as disclosedin the above mentioned application and briefly the perforations aregrouped in nine sets, one set for each possible multiplier digit. Eachset is divided into nine paral el po itions indicated by lines 30numbered 1 to 9 and the perforations are also spaced on nine horizontallines 3I numbered 1 to 9. Finger 21. of which there is one for each setof erforations, normally rides along the 5 line 35 so that w th the drumI5 and interposers 2B in the normal position shown the parts are set tomultiply by the digit 5; that is, as drum I5 now rotates, fin ers 21will drop into perforations representing the r ght hand digits of 5times all of the digits 1 to 9. For example. the left hand finger 21will drop into t e perforation at the intersect on of the 5 line 30 andthe 5 line M in the 1 set. and close its contacts ZIR at such time torepresent the digit 5 of the product 1 times 5; the right hand finger 21will drop into the perforation at the intersection of the 5 line 3" andthe 5 line 3I in the 9 set and close its contacts 2IR at such time torepresent the 5 of the product 9 times 5; and similarly in the other oddnumbered sets the related contacts ZIR will close when the perforationson the 5 line 3! reach the fingers. In the even numbered sets there isno perforation on the 5 line 3|, since the right hand digit is zero.

To select the other lines 30, drum I5 may be shifted to the left orright a distance equal to the spacing between adjacent lines 30 asindicated by arrows 32, and interposers may be shifted to the left orright a distance equal to three times the spacing between adjacent linesas indicated by arrows 33. The following table will show thecombinations of shift for the drum and interposer to position fingers 21in line with the other lines 30.

Drum 15 lnierposcrs 36 Shift left 6 Shift right 4 2 Shift right 7Shifting the drum Secured to the left end of drum I5 (Fig. '7) are twodisks L and 35B provided with camming surfaces 36 (see also Fig. 3).With the drum in normal central position along shaft I4, these canimingsurfaces are in line with interposers 31 (Fig. 7) under which theynormally pass. The lower ends of these interposers are beveled so that,when either is lowered into the path of the related cam 36, the latterwill be engaged during its rota tion to cam itself and the drum alongshaft M to the left or right, depending upon which of the twointerposers 3'! is lowered.

Each interposer 3! is notched to receive the free end of an armature 38pivoted at 39, and these armatures are controlled by magnets ML and MB.A T lever 4! similar to that shown in Fig. 4 biased by spring 42 in theposition shown engages both armatures 38 to normally hold them in theirupper or inactive positions. A restoring bail '13 also pivoted at 39passes under the armatures and is secured to a lever 44 lying in thepath of restoring rods I 9.

As viewed in Fig. 3, drum I5 rotates counterclockwise and, just beforecamming surfaces 36 arrive at interposer 31, the latter may be operatedso that, if one or the other is lowered into the path of a cammingelement 35, the drum will shift itself in one direction or the other.Restoring cam surfaces 45 (Fig. '7) fixedly secured to the framework arelocated to engage surfaces 36 as the latter pass by, so that the drum iscentralized in its normal position as surfaces 35 approach interposers31.

Cams 35 have extensions 36a spaced to pass between interposers 31 sothat, if neither interposer is lowered, cams 36 will pass beneath themand ex- 19L and. 49B- (Fig. 7).

tensions 36a pass inside the interposers and serve to maintain the drumin central position and against accidental displacement during this part.vided with camming surfaces it which engage vertically slidableinterposers 4? and restoring earns '48 during the rotation of shaft M.The actionis the same as described for the shifting of drum l5 and inthe same manner interpcsers 4? are operated by armatures 48 of a pair ofmagnets The restoring ball 58 has its connected arm 5| in the path ofrods [9 as shown in Fig. '7.

In this case the disks, being secured to shaft l4, remain in their planeof rotation and, when an interposer 41 is elevated, the interposer whenengaged by cam 46 will be shifted laterally and will carry with it thesliding bar 23 upon which the contact interposer plates 22L and 22R aresecured. If neither interposer 4! is elevated, extensions 46a passbetween interposer 41 to keep bar 23 centralized. The earns 48 are fastto bar 23 so that cam 48 engages them and restores bar 23 if it had beenpreviously shifted.

It will be noted that two sets of diametrically opposite cams 36 and 45are provided so that drum and interposer plate restoration occurs at 180intervals and, assuming the parts are relatively shifted in accordancewith a, first multiplier digit, contacts ZIR (Fig. 5) will read theperforations in one half of drum l5 and contacts 25L will read theperforations in the other half during-the first 180. Thereafter, theparts are restored and reshifted in accordance with the next multiplierdigit, and during the second 180 contacts 2IL will read the perforationsin th first half of the drum and contacts ZIR will read the perforationsin the second half. There is thus an alternation in the operation of thetwo sets of contacts 21L and ZIR, each set recording right and leftpartial product digits alternately.

To direct the circuits through these sets of contacts, there is provideda set of so-called alternating contacts generally designated 53 (Figs. 1and 6) comprising separate pairs of contacts designated a, b, c and d. Abail 54 pivoted at 55 is rocked by a cam 56 on shaft l4. so that thecon" tacts remain in the position shown during the reading portion ofone of the half revolutions and take an alternate position (that is,contacts I) and close and a and (1 open) during the reading por diagram.A spring urged detenting follower El and notched disks 58 are providedto hold shaft M in position when at rest.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 3, bar 23 has a notched block 59 securedthereto and drum l has a series of circumferential teeth 60 extendingpart way around a circle. The teeth 56 are of such extent thatimmediately after displacement of the drum l5 and bar 23 has beeneffected by their respec tive camming interposers, teeth 60 will engagein notches in block 59 to lock the drum and bar together in shiftedrelationship, so that during the reading part of the rotation, thisrelationship can not be disturbed.

Column shifit mechanism I Referring to Figs. 1 andlO, shaft M hassecured thereto a cam 65 rotating in the direction 16 indicated, whichrocks a spring-urged follower lever 66 during the rotation of the shaft.Rack teeth 61 on follower 66 mesh with a gear 68 to oscillate a rod 69to which there is secured a member In having four stopping teeth H.Spaced around member 70 are four armatures 12, each with an actuatingmagnet 13, which are designated 1, 2, 3 and 4. The space relationship issuch that as cam 65 rotates from the position shown and gear 58 andmember 'll'l rock counterclockwise, energization of the 1 magnet 13 willrock its armature l2 into the path of a tooth I! to stop member if!after what may be called one step of advance. Energization of the 2magnet 13 will intercept a tooth after two steps, energize.- tion of the3 magnet 13 will intercept a tooth after three steps, and energizationof the 4 magnet 13 will intercept a. tooth after four steps. Thus, byselectively energizing the magnets 13, member 18 and rod 69 may bedifferentially positioned.

If none of the magnets 13 is energized, member 10 and rod 69 advance onestep further to a fifth position. Thus, the shaft may be set in any offive positions each differently spaced from the home or restoredposition shown in Fig. 10. A

in 15 carried by member ID engages a member 16 loose on rod 69 to rockthe same clockwise against action of spring 1'! whereupon fingers l8wil1 engage and restore the several armatures 12.

Referring to Fig. 9, one end of rod 69 has fastened thereon a wiper 8|which engages any one of fixed segments 83 designated 1 to 5, dependingupon the position in which rod 69 is differentially set. The wiper SIand segments 83 are diagrammatically shown in the circuit diagram (Fig.13) and their purpose will be explained later in the description of suchcircuit diagram.

A commutator 89 secured to rod 59 has five arcuate inserts 85 mouldedtherein, each of which contacts a wiper 85. Each insert 85 is inengagement with its related wiper 86 when the commutator 8!] is in anyof its five positions. Each insert 85 has a tab 8i all of which lie in acommon plane and spaced as shown in Fig. 9 to cooperate with a ring ofwipers 88 which are numset position, the five tabs 8! contact the fivewipers 86 designated 10 to 6 to electrically connect these five wipersto the five wipers 86. When commutator 88 is in its second set position,the

five tabs 8! contact the five wipers 88 designated 9 to 5 and so onuntil in the fifth position the five tabs 81 contact the five wipers 88designated 6 to 2. There are two commutators 83 provided, one for the LHcomponents and one for the RH components with the tabs 8! of the latterdisplaced one step to the right as represented in Fig. 13a.

In the circuit diagram (Fig. 13a), the tabs 81 and wipers 88 arerepresented diagrammatically as arrows with those designated 81shiftable to the right. Two separate sets are shown, one for the LHreadout device and one for the RH readout device, with connections {10made from wipers 88 to totalizer magnets 13 as shown.

Circuit diagram The manner in which theseveral mechanisms describedhereinabove are coordinated to effect multiplication of two factors willnow be explained in connection-with the wiring diagram (Figs. 13 and13a) and the'timing diagram (Fig. As a preliminary, amultiplier such as40068 is set up on the multiplierreadout device as explained and amultiplicand 7283 isset up on the multiplicand readout device.

As is usual in electrical multiplying machines, a so-called column skipdevice is provided to control operations so that the mechanism effects acycle of operations only for each significant digit in the multiplier.Such device comprises a set of so-called column skip relays RI to R5(Fig. 13), each of which controls contacts designated RIa, Rlb, RIc. Asa preliminary, there is a test made to ascertain which multiplier ordercontains zero settings and this test is effected manually (for purposesof simplicity in the disclosure) by momentarily pressing a key 92 toclose a series of contacts 92a. With current supplied to main lines 93and 94, circuits are traceable for the multiplier chosen from line 93,left hand contacts 92a, the row of segments II, brushes I2 in thethousands and hundreds orders (where they are set at 0) common stripsI0, contacts 92a in these orders, relays R2 and R3, and wire 95 to line94. Relays R3 and R4 close their contacts R3a and R411 to establishholding circuits through switch 96 and these relays will accordinglyremain energized throughout subsequent operations.

Main shaft I4 is now given a half revolution during the beginning ofwhich (see Fig. 12) a suitable cam closes a pair of contacts designatedCI. These contacts (Fig. 13) complete a circuit from line 93, contactsCI, lower contacts RIb, wire 97, common 10 in the tens of thousandsorder, brush I2 in the 4 position, 4 row of segments II, magnet 40R toline 94. Energization of magnet 40R as explained will cause the drum I5to shift one step to the right (Fig. 11) so that the fingers 2'!traverse the 4 lines 38, in which the partial product perforations forthe multiplier digit 4 occur.

A concurrent circuit is traceable from line 93, through contacts CI,lower contacts RI 0, the 1 column shift magnet "I3 and wire 98 to line94. These circuits are held for the duration of 010- sure of contacts CIas indicated in Fig. 12, and as indicated the column shift cam is movingto enable rotation of member (Fig. 10) which will accordingly beinterrupted at its first stopping position to bring wiper 8| intoengagement with the left hand wiper 83 (Fig. 13) and will also shifttabs 81 (Fig. 13a) to contact the five left hand wipers 88 of LH and the9 to 5 wipers of RH. With magnet 40R energized, the drum shift cam 36(Fig. 7) engages the lowered interposer 31 at the time indicated by theline in Fig. 12, so that shifting occurs at such time and uponcompletion of the shift the drum aligner functions as indicated on line59, 60 to lock the drum I5 and contact shifting bar 23 together.

As drum i5 now continues to rotate, the fingers 27 drop into theperforations at times depending upon the partial product digits for thenumber 4. While the fingers are in the openings and the related contactsZIL and 2IR are closed, a cam on shaft i irepeatedly closes a pair ofcontacts C3 timed with the totalizer operation.

Referring to Fig. 13a, the contacts 2IL close for the example chosen attimes corresponding to the left hand digit values 2, 3 and 1, and thecontacts 2| R close at times corresponding to the digit values 8 and 2(see Fig. 14) When contacts C3 close at the 8 time, a circuit istraceable from line 53 (Fig. 13a), contacts C3, the 7 contacts HR, acontacts 53, brush I2 (set at 7), common 10. wiper 8i, 8 wiper 88, andconnection 90 to the totalizer magnet I3 numbered 8 in the RH totalizer,Concurrently, a circuit is completed from contacts C3, through the 2contacts ZIR, a contacts 53, the brush IZset at 2 to energize the 7magnet I3 and enter an 8 in the related order.

At the 3 time, a circuit is traceable from contacts C3, through the 8contacts 2IL, the d contacts 53, I2 brush set at 8 to energize the 7magnet I3 of the LH set to enter a 3 in this order. At the 2 time threesimilar circuits pass in parallel through the 7 contacts 2IL, the 8contacts NR and the 3 contacts ZIR to enter 2s in the 9 position oftotalizer LH and the 6 and 5 positions of the RH totalizer. Finally, atthe 1 time a circuit goes through the 3 contacts 2IL to energize the 6magnet LE to enter a 1 in this order. In this manner under control ofcontacts C3 and the perforations in drum I5, the partial products of 4times 7283 are entered into the LH and RH totalizers as indicated in theexample of Fig. 14.

Thereafter, as seen from Fig. 12, the column shift device restores, thedrum aligner disengages, and the armatures 44, 5I of magnets and 49 arealso restored. After this, the drum is and interposer plates 22 arereturned to their central positions as at the beginning of operations.Also, the set of alternating contacts 53 is shifted to connect the LHmultiplicand readout to the RH totalizer and the RH multiplicand readoutto the LH totalizer, since during the next half revolution of drum I5the fingers 22R read the left hand components and the fingers 22L readthe right hand components. In the latter part of the half revolutionbefore the column shift restores, cam contacts C4 (Fig. 13) close and acircuit is then traceable from line 93, contacts Ct, wiper 8|, the lefthand wiper 83, relay RI, Wire to line 94, Relay RI is thus picked up andheld through its contacts RIa.

At the beginning of the second half revolution, the relays RI, R2 and R3are in energized condition so that, when contacts C I now close, the 4column shift magnet will be energized through a circuit traceable fromline 93, contacts CI, upper contacts RIC, R20, R30, lower contacts R40and 4 magnet I3, wire 58 to line 94. As a result, column shift takesplace to move wiper 8| into its 4 position where it contacts the wiper83 fourth from the left, and the tabs 8'! (Fig 9) shift the same amount.

The drum I5 is now to shift for multiplication by the digit 6 and thisis effected as follows: closure of contacts CI completes a circuit fromline 93, contacts Ci, upper contacts RIb, R2b, R31), lower contacts R4b,wire 91, brush I2 set at 6, magnet 43L to line 94. As explained,energization of magnet 40L will cause shifting of drum I5 to the leftone step to select the 6 lines 38 (Fig. 11) for action.

Now When the perforations in the drum pass the interposer fingers 21,partial product circuits will be completed to enter the digital valuesindicated along line 2 of Fig. 14 to represent the components of 6 times7283 in the appropriate totalizer orders. It will be noted in Fig. 13athat the contacts LIL are now connected to the RH Again, during thelatter part of this operation, contacts C4 close to energize relay R4and the alternating contacts shift back to their initial position, sothat during the third half revolution the contacts 2 IL control the LHtotalizer and the contacts 2IR control the RH totalizer, as in the firsthalf revolution. When contacts Cl close in the third half revolution, nocolumn shift magnet is energized and as a result the wiper 8| and tabs8'! advance to their extreme or fifth positions for entering thecomponents as indicated on line 3 of Fig. 14, and at the end of thishalf revolution when contacts C4 close to pick up relay R5 suchoperation may serve as an indication that entry of all partial productsis completed, and no further half revolutions are to be performed.

At the beginning of the third half revolution, when contacts Cl closed acircuit was completed from line 93, contacts Cl, upper contacts Rib,R2b, R3?) and R4b, lower contacts R51), wire 9'! to the brush 12 set at8 from which the circuit continued to magnet 49R to shift the interposerplate to the right to select the 8 line of perforations (Fig. 11).

In Fig. 13, a pair of relays RIO and RH are provided with contacts a, b,c and d for the purpose of preventing backcircuits when there is to be adouble shift, that is, a shift of both the drum and contacts. Thus, forthe digit 9, it is seen that relay RIO is energized and its contacts aand b close parallel circuits to energize magnets AOL and 49L. For digit7, relay RH is energized and its contacts a and b close parallelcircuits to energize magnets 40R and 49R. For digit 5, no magnets 40 or49 are energized, since the interposer fingers are normally on the 5line 30. For the digit 3, relay RH is energized and its contacts c and dclose parallel circuits to energize magnets ML and 49L. For the digit 2,relay 49L is energized directly, for the digit 1 relay RIO is energizedand its contacts and 11 close parallel circuits to energize magnets 40Rand 49L.

Thus, for each significant multiplier digit the proper magnets 40 and/or49 or neither is energized to effect the appropriate line of partialproduct perforations. For diagrammatic purposes, relays Rl to R areshown as having contacts Rid to R511, which are all closed whenselection of partial products has been completed for all orders of themultiplier and, when all are closed, they complete a circuit to a lamp I00 which serves to signal the end of partial product selecting andentering operations and further rotation of shaft I4 is interrupted.Switch 96 may now be opened to break the holding circuits for relays Rlto R5 and the apparatus is in readiness to repeat the operationsexplained with the same or a new set of factors.

While there have been shown and described and pointed out thefundamental novel features of the invention as applied to a singlemodification, it will be understood that various omissions andsubstitutions and changes in the form and details of the deviceillustrated and in its operation may be made by those skilled in the artwithout departing from the spirit of the invention. It is the intentiontherefore to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the followingclaims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a cyclically operable multiplying machine, having a drumcontaining configurations representing partial product values for allpossible multiplier and multiplicand digit factors, said drum beingpositionable along its axis in either direction from a normal position,a device for positioning the drum, means for rotating the drum, a set ofdigit representing sensing elements cooperable with the configurationsof the drum during its rotation, said set of elements being positionablein either direction along a line parallel to the axis of the drum from anormal position, a device for positioning the set of sensing elements, adevice settable to represent a multi- 5.- plier digit, and meanscontrolled by said settable device for selectively operating aid drumand sensing element positioning devices to cause moving of either thedrum or the set of sensing elements or both each in either direction tobring certain of the configurations in cooperative relationship with theset of sensingv elements in accordance with a represented multiplierdigit.

2. The invention set forth in claim 1 in which positive locking meansdirectly connecting the drum and set of elements together is providedand rendered effective during a period in the rotation of the drum afterthe drum and set of elements have been positioned for positively lockingthe drum and set of elements against relative axial displacement duringsaid period.

3. The invention set forth in claim 1 in which the drum and set ofelements are each positionable a single step in either direction from anormal central position and the movement of the set of elements is threetimes the extent of movement of the drum, whereby the drum and set ofelements are relatively displaceable to cause each sensing element totake four positions along the surface of the drum to one side or anotherof a central position.

4. The invention set forth in claim 1 in which the moving meanscomprises two pairs of cam guides, one for the drum and one for theelements, means for selectively actuating one guide of either or bothpairs, a pair of opposite cam surfaces integral with the drum, one ofsaid surfaces being engageable with an actuated slide of one pair to camthe drums axially to a selected position, a second pair of opposite camsurfaces integral with the drum, one of said second surfaces beingengageable with an actuated slide of the second pair to cam the slide inthe direction of the axis of the drum and carry with it said set ofelements to a selected position.

5. In a cyclically operable multiplying machine having a rotatable drumcontaining configurations representing partial product values for allpossible multiplier and multiplicand digit factors, a set of sensingelements and contacts controlled 50 thereby arranged along one side ofthe drum, a

second set arranged along the opposite side of the drum, the drum havinthe left hand component configurations on one half thereof and the righthand component configurations on the other half 55 thereof whereby, asthe drum rotates, one set of contacts will be actuated according to lefthand components and the other actuated according to right handcomponents during a half revolution of the drum and during the next halfrevolution of co the drum the actuation will be reversed, a pair oftotalizers, one for receiving left hand components and the other forreceiving right hand components, connections between said sets ofcontacts and said totalizers and including switching de- 65 vicesoperable so that each totalizer will be connected to alternate sets ofcontacts as alternate halves of the drum are sensed.

6. In a cyclically operable multiplying machine, totalizer means, amember containing configura- 70 tions representing partial products forall possible multiplier and multiplicand digit factors, said memberbeing continuously movable in one direction and positionable in atransverse direction from a normal position to positions on oppo- 75site sides of said normal position, a set of digit representing elementsarranged in a line, means for moving said member in a directiontransverse to said line of elements whereby said elements are cooperablewith the configurations of the memher for eilfecting partial productentries into said totalizer means, a device settable to represent amultiplier digit, means controlled by said settable device for movingsaid member in a direction parallel to said line of elements, andfurther means controlled by said settable device for moving saidelements in the direction of their line from a normal position topositions on opposite sides of said normal position, whereby the jointmovement of the member and elements will select a certain part of theconfigurations for control of said elements during the movement of themember in the transverse direction in accordance with a representedmultiplier digit.

7. In a cyclically operable multiplying machine, a drum containingconfigurations representing partial product components, arranged in nineequally spaced circles around the drum, a sensing element normallypositioned in line with the central circle of configurations, means forshifting the drum axially one space in either direction to align theelement with either of the circles adjacent the central circle, meansfor shifting the element a distance equal to three spaces in thedirection of the axis of the drum and in either direction to align theelement with either of the circles adjacent the outer circles, and meansfor electively operating both said shifting means, whereby the elementwill be aligned with any one of said nine circles of configurations.

SAMUEL BRAND.

